An Association of Genetic Polymorphism in Endothelial Growth Factor and a Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy

Abstract

The objective of this study was determining the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with diabetes mellitus and its association with growth factor polymorphism rs2010963. A cross-sectional study looked at genetic and biochemical markers in Diabetic patients from Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital's Diabetes Unit. Whole blood samples were collected by venipuncture. He gave them a questionnaire to identify sociodemographic, clinical, and ophthalmological variables, then an ophthalmologist performed biomicroscopy, tonometry, and fundus assessment using indirect ophthalmoscopy under pupil dilation and a retinal fluorangiography study to classify diabetic retinopathy as no retinopathy, mild, moderate, or severe; severe and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). The identification of the polymorphism was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) through the identification of the PCR-RFLP Assays polymorphism; DNA extraction, integrity evaluation, and measurement from peripheral blood by using ARMS-PCR assay and statistical analysis, simple frequencies, bivariate analysis, allele frequencies, and Odd ratios were calculated. In the bivariate analysis, the category proliferative retinopathy associated with the presence of DR and the genetic polymorphism of growth factor polymorphism rs2010963 were recorded as Homozygous to the ancestor was 39.5%, Heterozygous was 42%, while that of Homozygous to the variant was 12.9%. In conclusion: Study group prevalence was 24.9% for indirect ophthalmoscopy and 61.7% for fluorangiography retina as well as according to our study the G/G gene variation increases non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy risk